Quantitative research
Start with the evidence.
We study the behaviour of volatility using quantitative models, statistical analysis and financial economic theory.
We believe an investment strategy should be grounded in rigorous quantitative research and sound financial economic analysis.
A risk premium represents compensation for taking risk. Our research examines how volatility risk premia vary over time.
Economic theory, statistical studies and empirical testing form the foundation of our models. We study the conditions in which risk premia change, rather than treating them as a constant.
The objective is to translate that understanding into a disciplined investment process. Model estimates remain uncertain and can be wrong.
Risk and return are considered in the context of the whole portfolio, not an asset in isolation.
Our approach draws on modern portfolio theory, pioneered by Harry Markowitz: assembling a portfolio with regard to expected return, risk and the relationships between its assets.
Different market conditions can exhibit different behaviours. Understanding these differences helps inform how exposures are considered and risk is allocated.

Machine learning is part of our research toolkit, alongside financial economics and statistical analysis.
Algorithms learn relationships between predictor variables and target outcomes using historical data. We use these techniques to examine volatility behaviour and inform model development.
A disciplined process supports consistent decision-making. Historical relationships can change, so modelling, testing and risk oversight remain integral to the approach.
Start with the evidence.
We study the behaviour of volatility using quantitative models, statistical analysis and financial economic theory.
Challenge the model.
Research is translated into trading strategies, with variations back-tested and refined before implementation.
Translate research into action.
Investment ideas are implemented through a disciplined process, with ongoing monitoring and review as market conditions change.
Keep risk in view.
Daily profit-and-loss monitoring and regular value-at-risk reviews support portfolio oversight. Risk controls are designed to manage exposure; they cannot eliminate investment risk.